2210. Count Hills and Valleys in an Array

QUESTION:

You are given a 0-indexed integer array nums. An index i is part of a hill in nums if the closest non-equal neighbors of i are smaller than nums[i]. Similarly, an index i is part of a valley in nums if the closest non-equal neighbors of i are larger than nums[i]. Adjacent indices i and j are part of the same hill or valley if nums[i] == nums[j].

Note that for an index to be part of a hill or valley, it must have a non-equal neighbor on both the left and right of the index.

Return the number of hills and valleys in nums.

Example 1:

Input: nums = [2,4,1,1,6,5]
Output: 3
Explanation:
At index 0: There is no non-equal neighbor of 2 on the left, so index 0 is neither a hill nor a valley.
At index 1: The closest non-equal neighbors of 4 are 2 and 1. Since 4 > 2 and 4 > 1, index 1 is a hill. 
At index 2: The closest non-equal neighbors of 1 are 4 and 6. Since 1 < 4 and 1 < 6, index 2 is a valley.
At index 3: The closest non-equal neighbors of 1 are 4 and 6. Since 1 < 4 and 1 < 6, index 3 is a valley, but note that it is part of the same valley as index 2.
At index 4: The closest non-equal neighbors of 6 are 1 and 5. Since 6 > 1 and 6 > 5, index 4 is a hill.
At index 5: There is no non-equal neighbor of 5 on the right, so index 5 is neither a hill nor a valley. 
There are 3 hills and valleys so we return 3.

Example 2:

Input: nums = [6,6,5,5,4,1]
Output: 0
Explanation:
At index 0: There is no non-equal neighbor of 6 on the left, so index 0 is neither a hill nor a valley.
At index 1: There is no non-equal neighbor of 6 on the left, so index 1 is neither a hill nor a valley.
At index 2: The closest non-equal neighbors of 5 are 6 and 4. Since 5 < 6 and 5 > 4, index 2 is neither a hill nor a valley.
At index 3: The closest non-equal neighbors of 5 are 6 and 4. Since 5 < 6 and 5 > 4, index 3 is neither a hill nor a valley.
At index 4: The closest non-equal neighbors of 4 are 5 and 1. Since 4 < 5 and 4 > 1, index 4 is neither a hill nor a valley.
At index 5: There is no non-equal neighbor of 1 on the right, so index 5 is neither a hill nor a valley.
There are 0 hills and valleys so we return 0.

Constraints:

3 <= nums.length <= 100
1 <= nums[i] <= 100

EXPLANATION:

根据题意, 首先需要去掉的其实就是平原地区. 那么去掉平原地区也就是去掉相邻的相同数字, 再去判断valley和hill的情况.
判断valley和hill就比较简单了, 只要判断当前index和相邻的index的大小即可. 注意只有再去掉平原地区后数量大于3才需要判断.

SOLUTION:

class Solution {
    func countHillValley(_ nums: [Int]) -> Int {
        var pre = nums[0]
        var tmpArr:[Int] = [pre]
        for num in nums {
            if num != pre {
                tmpArr.append(num)
                pre = num
            }
        }
        if tmpArr.count < 3 { return 0 }
        var result = 0
        for index in 1..<tmpArr.count - 1 {
            if tmpArr[index] > tmpArr[index - 1] && tmpArr[index] > tmpArr[index + 1] {
                result += 1
            }
            if tmpArr[index] < tmpArr[index - 1] && tmpArr[index] < tmpArr[index + 1] {
                result += 1
            }
        }
        return result
    }
}
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